Introduction Human toxocariasis is usually a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by migration of the nematode worms (doggie) or eggs containing infective larvae are accidentally ingested or through consumption of natural or undercooked meat and giblets [1]. 3 (3.5%) persons were EACC positive by ELISA, but none was detected by Western blotting. This study indicates that contamination is usually a risk factor for epilepsy in Iran. These findings strongly suggest the need to perform Western blotting immunodiagnosis, as well as the ELISA using excretory-secretory antigens, to improve diagnosis of human toxocariasis in patients with epilepsy. 1. Introduction Human toxocariasis is usually a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by migration of the nematode worms (doggie) or eggs made up of infective larvae are accidentally ingested or through consumption of natural or undercooked meat and giblets [1]. The larvae hatch in small intestine and migration through somatic organs, preferably the liver, brain, and eyes, and cause at least three syndromes: visceral larva migrans (VLM), ocular larva migrans (OLM), and covert toxocariasis [2]. The assessments are available for the immunodiagnosis including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting, both using spp. contamination in stray cats and dogs in various parts of Iran [9C11]. In Khorramabad, Iran, 22.2% of the public parks studied showed eggs [12]. is one of the common helminthic parasites reported that affect the human central nervous system (CNS). Several epidemiological and clinical studies have reported a correlation between contamination and epilepsy. Recently some authors have investigated this EACC association in different geographic locations through case-control studies using serological assessments [13C18]. To the best of our knowledge, there is no precise report from the anti-antibodies in epileptic patients in the region. Therefore, this study afforded an opportunity to investigate the antibody response to contamination in epileptic patients by the performance of TES-ELISA and Western blotting. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1. Study Populace This study was conducted on 85 consecutive patients with idiopathic epilepsy, who were evaluated regarding their medical history, clinical characteristic, cranial imaging such as computed tomography (CT) scans, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the Neurology Division of Shohadaye-Ashayer Hospital from March EACC to December 2011. Controls subjects were 85 volunteers from health care workers and the relatives of patients without history of neurological disorders. Epidemiological data determining the socioeconomic status of the participants groups were collected by a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. Neurological examination for each individual was performed, and the physical findings were recorded. 2.2. Serological Assessments Serum samples of all participations were collected and stored at ?20C until used. Anti-antibodies (IgG) were detected by a commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit (IBL, International Gmbh, Hamburg, Germany) following the manufacture’s guidance. Briefly, diluted sera samples (1?:?100) were added to wells; after 30?min incubation at 37C, horseradish peroxidase-conjugated goat anti-human IgG was added at a 1?:?1000 dilution (30?min at 37C), PRPF10 followed by the tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate. Absorbance readings were made at 450?nm; a cut-off absorbance value was defined as the mean absorbance reading for three unfavorable control sera plus two standard deviations. Antibody levels were expressed as reactivity indices, which were calculated as the cut-off value; positive samples had reactivity indices more than 0.553. Immunodiagnosis by the Western blotting technique relied also upon a commercial kit (LDBIO Diagnostic, Lyon, France). In brief, the strips incubated for 2?h at room temperature, with sera at a dilution of 1/100. Before being washed at least three times in PBS containing 0.1% Tween 20, the strips were further incubated for 2?h at room temperature with the second antibody, anti-human immunoglobulin G peroxidase conjugate (dilution 1/1,000). After washing as mentioned previously, the substrate diaminobenzidine was added and the reaction stopped with several washes in distilled water. The results were considered as EACC positive, when the samples react to two or more low-molecular-weight bands (LMWB; 24C35?kDa). 2.3. Statistical Analysis We conducted statistical analysis using SPSS version 15.0 of windows 2003. Chi-squire test and Fisher’s exact test were used for categorical data. A value that is less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. 2.4. Ethical Considerations The study was approved by ethical committee of the Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, and informed consent was obtained from the participants prior to data collection. 3. Results 3.1. Characteristics of the Collected Pairs Patients and control groups comprised 85 cryptogenic epileptic patients and 85 healthy persons, respectively. Of the patient group, 55 participants were males and 30 were females. The participants’ ages ranged from 8 to 62 years old. Of the control group, 57 participants were males and 28 were females. These participants’ ages in control group ranged from 7 to 59 years old. The epidemiologic and demographical factors in patients and healthy.